Qualifications for membership
A person aged between 17 and 68, living
and working in Finland, is eligible for membership. Only entrepreneurs cannot be
insured at YTK.
Yleinen työttömyyskassa YTK is an unemployment fund for
employees. Its members must, therefore, be taxpaying employees (with a tax card)
and receive a salary. This rules out for example work with commission
agreements, work as a self-employed person, and entrepreneurial activities.
Furthermore, an unemployed or a completely laid-off person cannot join the fund,
with the exception of certain instances where a person returns to the Finnish
labour market after a period spent abroad.
In unemployment security, a person is considered an
entrepreneur when obliged to take out insurance under the Entrepreneurs'
Pensions Act (YEL), or Farmers' Pensions Act (MYEL). In addition, persons
insured under another pensions act can be considered entrepreneurs if they work
in a senior position (managing director, board member) in company in which they
have at least a 15 % holding, or if their family members or they and their
family members together have at least a 30 % holding of the share capital or
otherwise have corresponding controlling power. A person without a senior
position is considered an entrepreneur, in case (s)he works in a company in
which (s)he holds, or if his/her family members or (s)he together with his/her
family members hold at least one half (50 %)of the share capital, or otherwise
have corresponding controlling power.
The spouse and the direct relatives in the ascending or
descending line of a person employed in company who reside in the same household
with the said person are considered to be family members. Thus, you may be
considered an entrepreneur even with no personal ownership of the employing
company.
If you fail to meet the qualifications for membership and the
fund cannot accept your membership, you will receive a written decision with
reasoning, in accordance with section 4 of the Unemployment Security Act. You
are able to appeal against this decision to the Unemployment Security Appeal
Board.